Wednesday, October 31, 2007

10-31-07 Homework assignments

Tonight’s homework has two parts.

  1. Look up Andy Goldsworthy and some examples of his art. Print out a page or two of examples.

  2. Collect a sack full of nature stuff that we might use for an environmental art project. Examples: leaves, colorful leaves, rocks, sticks, flowers, straw, pecans, acorns, seeds.

We will make art on Friday but I want materials here on Thursday so I can get a sense of what we have to work with.



Handout 4.2 vocabulary and questions handed out today will be due on Friday, Nov. 2nd. We could have a quiz on 4.1 and or 4.2 on Friday or Monday.


Chapter 4.2 vocab and questions. Ecosystems: Everything is Connected. Handout 10-31-07. Due 11-02-07

Instructions: Define all vocabulary words and answer all questions.

For Honors Students: Make an outline of the chapter section but make sure it contains the following vocabulary and answers the following questions.


Vocabulary:

  1. Adaptation


  1. Hereditary

  2. inherit

  3. gene

  4. DNA


  1. Natural selection

  2. Evolution

  3. Adaptation

  4. Coevolution


  1. Artificial selection


  1. Resistance

  2. chemical resistance


Questions:

  1. Name 5 adaptations that chameleons have made that help the catch insects.

  2. How are organisms in a population different from one another?

  3. Are these differences hereditary?

  4. How does the environment affect natural selection?

  5. Who came up with the idea of natural selection?

  6. How does this lead to evolution?

  7. On the back of this page reproduce table 1, page 98.

  8. In figure 8, page 99, how many deer have thick fur at the beginning? How many have thick fur at the end? Was the gene for thick fur present at first? What was the environmental pressure? Why do you think the deer might have gone up into the mountains where it was so cold?

  9. Who causes artificial selection?

  10. Why is the Chihuahua different from the wolf?

  11. Why would we use artificial selection?

  12. Name 5 animals that have been artificially selected.

  13. Name 5 plants that have been artificially selected.

  14. Figure 11, page 101, demonstrates the evolution of resistance. How many of the insects were killed the first time the pesticide was used? How many of the insects were killed the second time the pesticide was used? If the same insecticide were used a third time, what percentage of the insects do would be killed?


  1. Do the math practice on page 100.


5 x (1.03) = 1 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) = 2 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 3 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 4 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 5 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 6 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 7 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 8 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 9 year

5 x (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) (1.03) = 10 year




Monday, October 29, 2007

Chapter 4.1 vocab and questions. Ecosystems: Everything is Connected.

Instructions: Define all vocabulary words and answer all questions.

For Honors Students: Make an outline of the chapter section but make sure it contains the following vocabulary and answers the following questions.

Vocabulary:

Ecosystem

Biotic factors (define and list 5 examples)

Abiotic factors (define and list 5 examples)

Organism

Species

Population

Community

Habitat

Questions:

Do ecosystems have clear boundries?

What are the five basic components of an ecosystem?

Where does the energy come from in most ecosystems?

How does a population differ from a species?

What does a population have to do with mating habits?

What factors of an ecosystem are not part of a community?

What does habitat destruction have to do with species extinction?


Homework assignments: (# in smartweb)

2nd 9 weeks.


  1. Correction of quiz on nutrition, worms, and the metric system. When the quiz was grades you were given the correct answers to each question that you got wrong. For each question that you got wrong, write a complete sentence that answers the question. Example. If you said water was an organic nutrient it was marked wrong. A complete sentence with the correct answer would be “Protein is an organic nutrient.” or “Fat, vitamins, carbohydrates, and protein are organic nutrients.” Assigned Wednesday, Oct. 17th. Due Monday, Oct 22nd.

  2. Grade explanation Handout Monday, have signed by student and parent by Thursday(102507) Participation grade.

  3. Review for 3.3. Handout questions. Assigned Monday, Oct 22nd. Present assigned questions on Wednesday the 24th, Answer rest of questions during presentation.

  4. Presentation on Wednesday participation grade.

  5. Energy paper. Handout on Monday, Oct. 22nd. Outline due Thursday, Oct. 25th.

  6. Energy paper. Handout above. Final paper due Tuesday, Oct. 30th.

  7. Salt water lab. Handout Tuesday. Work on Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday.

  8. Review for chapter 3. handout questions.Assigned Handout Friday Oct 26th, due Monday 29th.

  9. 4.1 Ecosystem, vocabulary and questions. Handout Tuesday, Oct 30th. Due Wednesday, Oct. 31st.



Environmental Journal Topics, 2nd 9-weeks


Week 10

102207 What were 3 adaptations that animals made to live in the deep ocean?

102307 How thick is the biosphere and what is the diameter of the earth?

102407 Where is the deepest point of the hydrosphere?

102507 Make a concept map of the earth including 5 layers of the geosphere, the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and the 4 layers of the atmosphere. Which layers are we in contact with on a daily basis?

102607 What is an ecosystem?


Homework Oct. 22nd, 2007.


Currently most of our energy needs are met by burning fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and gas. This creates a multitude of problems for our society. Some of these problems are environmental related such as acid rain, habitat destruction, pollution or global warming. Other problems are health related such as the incidence of asthma and cancer which may be related to burning fossil fuels

There are numerous alternative energy sources which we could use instead that would alleviate some of these problems. From the geosphere we can take advantage of geothermal heat. From the hydrosphere we can take advantage of tidal and river power to generate electricity. From the atmosphere we can take advantage of wind and solar power.


Assignment:

Write a 200 word page paper about:

  1. A problem associated with using fossil fuels

    • acid rain

    • habitat destruction

    • air or water pollution

    • global warming

    • Health problems related to fossil fuels

    • OR

  2. An alternative energy source.

  • Geothermal energy

  • Tidal energy

  • Hydro electric energy

  • Nuclear energy

  • Wind energy

  • Solar energy


If you write about a problem associated with burning fossil fuels you might want to answer the following questions. Where is it a problem? Who does it affect the most? What could be done lessen the impact? How much does this problem affect our society?

If you write your paper about an alternative energy source please talk about positive and negative long term consequences. Also, talk about the availability and the cost of using this technology. Does it have environmental consequences also? Is this a viable source of energy for Oklahoma? Why don’t we use it more?


Please do research from at least three resources. You may use data or quotes from your sources if quotation marks are used and you give credit to the source. Cite all your sources.

One page outline due Thursday, Oct. 25th. (include sources read)

Final paper due Tuesday, Oct. 30th.


Week 10, Environmental Science, Mr. Vaught


Objectives:

  1. 3.3 the hydrosphere and the biosphere discussion and review.

  2. exam 3 geoshpere and atmosphere and how the biosphere and hydrosphere interact

  3. Continue worm bin/observation

  4. Extra credit: field guide and community garden

  5. review metric system and nutrition problems

  6. asses 3


Monday: 102207

Observe worms, discuss need to water and feed them. Why and how to record observations.

Make sure everyone has environmental credit slips. Hand out blanks to those that do not.

Turn in, Go over homework (nutrition quiz corrections)

Handouts: 3.3 review, energy paper, grades guidelines.

Discuss hydrosphere subcategories and constituents of each. Divide questions of review 3.3 by # of students, give them 5-10 minutes to answer their 2 questions and prepare to present to the class their answers.

Homework: finish 3.3 review, begin research on energy paper (find 3 sources), have parents sign the grade guidelines.


Tuesday: 102307

Observe worms

Finish 3.3 review presentations.

Give handouts to those absent on Monday

Handout Salinity discussion, make 3.5% salt water (begin lab on salt water saturation)

Homework: Be ready to present 3.3 review questions, read research, begin outline for energy paper.


Wednesday: 102407

review 3.3 presentation for a participation grade.

Quiz 3.3, hydrosphere and biosphere

Observe worms

Homework: finish outline for energy paper.


Thursday: 102507

Turn in outline for energy paper.

Talk about problems/questions about energy paper.

Work on lab (salt-water saturation)

Homework:


Friday: 102607

Observe worm

Make up lab (salt-water saturation)

Discuss scientific notation

homework: energy paper. Vocabulary/questions 4.1 Ecosystems.



Environmental Journal Topics

102207 What were 3 adaptations that animals made to live in the deep ocean?

102307 How thick is the biosphere and what is the diameter of the earth?

102407 Where is the deepest point of the hydrosphere?

102507 Make a concept map of the earth including 5 layers of the geosphere, 3 layers of the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and the 4 layers of the atmosphere. Which layers are we in contact with on a daily basis?

102607 What is an ecosystem?



Also need to do:

  • make new seating charts

  • make salt water handout by tuesday

  • make chapter 3 review by Tuesday

  • make 4.1 vocab and questions by Friday



Vocabulary


Long term project/Lab: Inferring the Effects of Earthworm Activity


Next time I have a substitute need to explain role of journals better. They are sometimes used to introduce topics not yet covered. One paragraph is sufficient.


Sea water lab intro 10-23-07

In groups of 3-4 discuss and then answer the following questions. You may have to use a dictionary or make measurements. If you want to designate one recorder for the group you may turn one paper in with all members names.


How is sea water different than fresh water?

How much salt is in sea water?

How would we make sea water?


How much does 10mls of fresh water weigh?

How much would 100mls of fresh water weigh?

How much would 10mls of sea water weigh?


If you mix one gram of water with one gram of salt, does all the salt dissolve?


What is the definition of brine?

Is there a limit to how much salt will dissolve in water?

What do you think the limit would be? (hypothesis)

How could you find out what the limit is?


How would you design an experiment to test your hypothesis?

Available tools and supplies are:

Tap water

Salt (iodized table salt, NaCl) a limited amount

12 Beakers

Graduated cylinders (10, 50, and 100mls)

Thermometer

Scale (capable of weighing 0.01 – 150g)


Write an experimental design proposal and show it to your instructor.

You can do this on the back of this paper.

After getting approval of your design you will carry out the experiment (If time does not permit we may have to do this another day).







Review for 3.3 quiz. The Hydrosphere and the Biosphere

Monday, Oct. 22nd. Due Tuesday, Oct. 23rd.


# 1-4 are layered, integrated, open, or closed systems. You decide.

  1. Energy continuously enters and leaves the earth. This means that with respect to energy, Earth is a(n) _________ system.

  2. In general, water, matter, and other nutrients do not enter or leave the earth. In these respects Earth is a ___________ system.

  3. The geosphere is made up of many different layers. Starting from surface they are the lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core. In this respect the earth is a _________system.

  4. The earth consists of many overlapping systems. The rock (geosphere), water (hydrosphere), air (atmosphere), and the living things (biosphere) all interact with each other. In this respect the earth is an __________ system.

  5. Rank the oceans by size. Which is the largest, 2nd largest, 3rd and 4th.

  6. What does salinity mean?

  7. What is the average salinity of seawater?

  8. Why is the ocean water salty?

  9. What happens at the surface zone of the ocean?

  10. How is groundwater used?

  11. How is a rivers system different than a river?

  12. What do green plants need to produce their food?

  13. What is phytoplankton?

  14. What are deep currents and where do they flow?

  15. How are surface currents different than deep water currents?

  16. How do cold ocean currents and warm ocean currents interact?

  17. Where do organisms obtain the energy they need?

  18. Where is the biosphere located and why?

  19. When liquid water turns into a gas is process is called _________.

  20. When gaseous water turns back into a liquid, this process is called __________.

  21. When water droplets fall from the clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail, this process is called ____________.

Review for chapter 3 : assigned Friday, October the 26th. Due Tuesday the 30th.

The first Part of the reiew is for the Honors designated students. The second page of the review is for the rest of the class (These are numbered 1-21).

Honors review:

Explain how earth is an integrated system. How are the different parts integrated? Which parts overlap?


Explain the five layers of the geosphere. Draw a diagram. Include thickness, temperature. Which are liquid and solid?


Explain plate tectonics.

What layer of the geosphere are they a part of?

What layer do they move on top of?

What happens at the boundries of tectonic plates?

Explain how mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes occur or are formed.

How is the energy of earthquakes measured?

What region of the earth has the most active volcanos?

Nome two ways volcanoes affect the environment.

After mountains are formed how do they continue to be shaped?


Atmosphere:

Describe the 4 layers of the atmosphere?

What is an important attribute of each layer?

Where is the ionosphere and why is it called that?

Where is radiation the greatest?

Where is pressure the greatest?

What are three ways that energy is transferred?

What is the difference between radiation, conduction, and convection?

Describe the greenhouse effect and name some of the gasses involved.

Why is the ozone layer important?


Hydrosphere:

Describe the water cycle. Know the difference between evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

How much of the earths surface is covered with water?

What are the 3 zones of the ocean? What are they based on?

What is the difference between deep an surface currents?

How do currents affect our weather/climate?

Where is most fresh water on earth found?

What is an aquifer and where are they recharged?





Review for chapter 3

  1. What percentage of the earth is covered by the world ocean?

  2. What is an earthquake and where does is occur?

  3. Where in the atmosphere is the ionosphere?

  4. Aerosols are tiny _______ ________ found in the atmosphere.

  5. Conduction is the flow of ________ from warmer objects to colder objects when the objects are placed in direct physical contact.

  6. What is bottom layer of the geosphere called, at the center of the earth?

  7. What are tributaries? Give an example.

  8. What are the layers of the ocean called?

  9. What is evaporation and how is this different from condensation?

  10. List three types of precipitation.


  1. What are three methods of energy transfer within or through the earths atmosphere?

  2. Ocean water contains more ______ than fresh water.

  3. Which layer of the earth is most dense?

  4. Where is most of the fresh water on earth located?

  5. Does erosion affect soil, mountains, and rocks?

  6. Volcanoes are formed by molten rock called __________.

  7. Energy released by an earthquake occurs in the form of ____________.

  8. What are the physical layers of the earth?

  9. The deepest point on the ocean floor is in which ocean?

  10. What does the prefix hydro- mean?




Grades for Environmental Science Class with Mr. Vaught

To clear up any questions on my grading system, here is an explanation.


Evironmental Journal (10% of total grade)

We begin each class with a journal topic which is posted on the board. You will have up to 5 minutes to write about this topic. Sometimes this topic will be review of material we have already covered in class or in the homework. At other times it will be new material used to introduce a topic or to assess where I need to start the lesson. Please try to answer all questions. You get full credit for attempting to answer these questions. If you do not know the answer, you are probably not the only one and we need to have a discussion about it so please ask questions.

Journals should be turned in on the last day of each week. One weeks worth of journals should fit on a single sheet of paper so please do not waste more paper than necessary. If you are absent you should turn it in the day you return.

Class participation. (10% of total grade)

When we have labs, watch videos, or have other activities in class they there will often be a simple assignment to turn in to show participation or attention. If these are completed and turned in you will get credit.

Beginning this nine weeks we will also have a credit system for contributions to class discussions. If you have a good answer or question to contribute and this is acknowledged by Mr.Vaught you will get credit. These credits will be tallied at the end of each week and entered as a participation grade for the week.

Come to class prepared.

Everyone should have a 3-ring binder dedicated to this class. In this binder you should keep, blank notebook paper, your Environmental Journal, any homework, handouts, notes, as well as past quizzes and tests. At the end of the semester we will have a comprehensive exam and you will want past quizzes, notes and exams as study aids.

In addition to the binder, each student should come to class each day with functioning pens (blue or black ink) and pencils. Bring extras in case one quits working.

If you do not come to class prepared or otherwise disrupt class you may loose participation points.

Homework. (20% of total grade)

We often have homework, at least twice a week. Sometimes this will be as simple as a list of vocabulary words to define or a series of questions to answer. At other times they might be a short paper or research oriented. It is important to keep up with the homework as it gives information necessary to take part in class discussions.

Quizzes (20% of total grade)

Quizzes are usually open note. To encourage good note taking in class and completion of homework assignments you will often be allowed to use these on the quizzes.

Exams (30% of total grade)

Unlike the quizzes, the exams will not be open book. You should study former quizzes and notes. All quizzes will be announced at least 3 days before the quiz. There will often be a review of the material the day before the exam.




Lab Reports: (10% of total grade)

Lab reports are special papers that demonstrate knowledge as well as participation in the experiment. They have a particular format which must which must be followed. A lab report guide line is handed out the week before the lab report is due.

Performance in class (bonus 2% points)

If there is no need for written referrals regarding class disruptions or behavior problems 2% points will be added to the final grade.

Extra Credit: There may be extra credit opportunities throughout the semester requiring work outside the normal school day. These will be announced and posted by the instructor. They may total up to 5% of the final grade.


Assignments Posted:

All assignments will be posted by the door and announced in class. The posting will include instructions as well as the due date. If you need further instruction, please come ask for help.

Unless stated otherwise, all homework is due the day after it is assigned at the beginning of class. All assignments should be turned into the white in-box upon entering class. You should not plan on working on homework during class the day it is due.

Late Work:

  1. One day late = 10 points off.

  2. Two days late = 20 points off.

  3. Three days late = 30 points off.

  4. Four days late = 40 points off.

  5. Five days late= 50 points off.

  6. More than 5 days late will not accepted.

If you have an excused absence you will have one more day to turn in assignment per day missed.

If you are absent for any reason it is your responsibility to:

  1. ask what you missed.

  2. make up any missed assignments

  3. obtain any handouts or notes from Mr. Vaught

  4. schedule a makeup quiz or exam. All missed quizzes and exams should be made up within a week of your return to school. These can be made up during advisory or after school.


For the rest of the school year, I plan on sending out progress reports every two weeks.

If you have any questions about any assignments, are having problems with anything, or just want to talk about the class, I am available during advisory on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. I am also available each Wednesday after school (If I am not in my room I will be in the library). I am usually available other afternoons, after school.


Please sign and return after you have read this for you first participation grade of the 9 weeks.

Student __________________________

Parent or guardian ______________________